Concussion

The most common complications of TBI include all of the following EXCEPT:
1. Cognitive decline
2. Mood idsorders
3. Neck pain
4. Epilepsy
What is the most common cause of concussion?
1. Sports related concussion
2. Falls
3. Road traffic accidents
4. Struck by an object
Whic cells are involved with the physical structure of the brain, glycogen storage, metabolic functioning and supporting the blood brain barrier (BBB)?
1. Oligodendrocytes
2. Purkinje cells
3. Microglia
4. Astrocytes
True or false? The most frequent neurological symptoms of concussion are: headache, photo- and phonosensitivity, dizziness, lethargy and insomnia.
1. True
2. False
With an acute sports related concussion, which of the below are red flags:
1. Neck pain or tenderness
2. Double vision
3. Severe or increasing headache
4. All of the above are red flags!
Best eye response, best verbal response, and best motor response in the SCAT 5 refer to:
1. Maddocks questions
2. mBESS
3. Glasgow Coma Scale
4. Delayed recall
In the return to sports strategy (RTS)- which statement is CORRECT?
1. If any symptoms worsen, stop and go back to the previous stage for at least 24 hours.
2. Each stage is at least 48 hours.
3. Move on to the next stage once movements are tolerated with new or worsening symptoms
4. If symptoms return after medical clearance, return to play is recommended
What is the normal recovery time (80-90%) of a sports related concussion?
1. 2-3 days
2. 3-10 days
3. 10-14 days
4. 14-21 days
Your patient has suffered a acute sports related concussion. What would you advise them to do right away?
1. Ketogenic diet
2. NAC: N-acetyl Cysteine (500mg/cap)
3. Curcumin (500 mg/cap)
4. All of the above
Which lobe of the cerebellum is mostly involved woth BALANCE?
1. Flocculo-nodular lobe
2. Anterior lobe
3. Posterior lobe
4. Dentate nucleus
Which statement is INCORRECT regarding the B.E.S.S. (balance error scoring system)
1. Each of the trials is 20 seconds.
2. The examiner should begin counting the errors before the individual has assumed the proper testing position.
3. Count the number of errors (deviations) from the proper stance.
4. Moving the hands off the hips is an error,
Which of the below is a rehabilitative strategy for the DLPFC (dorsolateral prefrontal cortex)?
1. Saccades to happy pictures
2. Verbal positive support
3. Abstract Picasso pictures
4. All are rehab strategies for the DLPFC
With this eye movement the eyes don’t stay parallel with each other.
1. Saccades
2. Smooth pursuits
3. VOR
4. Convergence
Which area of the cortex makes the eyes saccade to the left?
1. Left temporal lobe
2. Left frontal lobe
3. Right temporal lobe
4. Right frontal lobe
This test requires vision, eye movements, language function and attention in order to perform and has been proposed as a promising tool for assessment of concussion.
1. Maddocks score
2. Glasgow Coma Scale
3. King Devick
4. VOR
True or false? Horizontal and vertical saccades, as well as smooth pursuit eye movements can be used as biomarker for mild concussion.
1. True
2. False
Which nerve tracts connects the vestibulum with the eye muscles?
1. MLF (medial longitudinal fasciculus)
2. Vestibulospinal tract
3. Reticulospinal tract
4. Dentato-rubro-cortico-spinal tract
This therapy has been proved to inhibit apoptosis, suppress inflammation, protect the integrity of blood-brain barrier, and promote angiogenesis and neurogenesis.
1. Low level laser therapy
2. Meditative therapy
3. Excercise therapy
4. HBOT (hyperbaric oxygen therapy)
BDNF (brain derived neurotrophic factor) is increased more by this therapy than any other.
1. Low level laser therapy.
2. Meditative therapy,
3. Exercise therapy.
4. HBOT (hyperbaric oxygen therapy)
To rehabilitate fluid intelligence, working memory, and brain sharpness- consider the following:
1. RightEye optometric exercises
2. Arrow drills
3. Dual N-Back (brain training online)
4. Low level laser therapy (LLLT)

Concussion

Quiz